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Mount Everest, at 8,848 metres (29,029 ft) is the world's highest mountain and a particularly desirable peak for mountaineers. More than 250 people have died trying to climb it.〔 Most deaths have been attributed to avalanche, injury from fall or ice collapse, exposure or health problems related to conditions on the mountain. Not all bodies have been located, so details on those fatalities are not available. Most bodies still remain on the mountain, even in cases of easy recovery. The most dangerous steps on Everest are taken between 5,400 - 6,400 meters (18,000 - 21,000 feet), and there are steps that many climbers are actually able to avoid. This is because the Nepalese Sherpas they hire help install fixed ropes, carry gear, and break tracks on the route to the top.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Charting Deaths on Mount Everest )〕 The upper reaches of the mountain are in the death zone. The death zone is a mountaineering term for altitudes above a certain point – around , or less than of atmospheric pressure – where the oxygen level is not sufficient to sustain human life. Many deaths in high-altitude mountaineering have been caused by the effects of the death zone, either directly (loss of vital functions) or indirectly (unwise decisions made under stress or physical weakening leading to accidents). In the death zone, the human body cannot acclimatize, as it uses oxygen faster than it can be replenished. An extended stay in the zone without supplementary oxygen will result in deterioration of bodily functions, loss of consciousness and, ultimately, death. ==Background== The most popular routes are the South Col route from the Nepalese side and the North Col route from the Tibetan side. The first recorded deaths on the mountain were the seven porters who perished in an avalanche in the 1922 British Mount Everest Expedition. George Mallory, who was present, blamed himself for the deaths. During the initial 1921 British Reconnaissance Expedition there were two deaths en route to the mountain – an unidentified porter as well as heart attack victim Dr. A. M. Kellas.〔 While dangerous for the novice climber, the mountain has also claimed the lives of some of the most experienced climbers. Babu Chiri Sherpa had climbed the mountain several times, and in 1999 spent 20 hours on the summit of Everest, then a new record. He also climbed to the summit twice in two weeks and held the record climbing time from Base Camp to summit of 16 hours and 56 minutes.〔 He died in 2001 from a fall near Camp II. Experienced guide Rob Hall died on Everest shortly after becoming the first non-Sherpa to have summitted five times (1996). The most infamous tragedy on the mountain was the 1996 Mount Everest disaster on May 11, 1996, during which eight people died while making summit attempts. In that entire season, 15 people died trying to reach the summit, making it the deadliest single year in the mountain's history to that point. The disaster gained wide publicity and has been written about many times; both ''Into Thin Air'' by Jon Krakauer and ''The Climb'' by Anatoli Boukreev were written by mountaineers who were on Mount Everest at the time, and they give conflicting accounts about the events. Curiously, 1996 was statistically a safe year for Everest climbers. Before 1996, one in four climbers had died making the ascent; 1996 saw huge numbers of people attempting the climb and the statistics for 1996 reveal that only one in seven died. Another notable incident occurred in 1998 when Francys Arsentiev and her husband, Sergei Arsentiev, became separated and then died while looking for each other. Francys's frozen body lay next to the main route to the summit for nine years before climber Ian Woodall led an expedition to push her body over an edge and out of view.〔 Due to the difficulties and dangers in bringing bodies down, most of those who die on the mountain remain where they fall, although some are moved by winds and ice. Two Nepalese climbers died on October 24, 1984, while trying to recover the body of Hannelore Schmatz. While searching for George Mallory's body in a "catchment basin" near the peak in 1999, searchers came across multiple bodies in the snow, including Mallory's.〔Unconfirmed Russian deaths on the north side of Everest resulted from an alleged 1952 expedition. The Chinese, upon taking control of the region, enacted strict travel restrictions. Supposedly, the Chinese government did allow some Soviet climbers near the mountain, and reports leaked out of a Soviet expedition in 1952. The expedition, apparently led by Pavel Datschnolian, was said to have been a disaster, resulting in the deaths of Datschnolian and five other men. However, Russian and Chinese authorities have consistently denied that such an attempt took place, no physical evidence has ever been found to confirm its existence, nor is there any record of a person named Pavel Datschnolian. See Unsworth pp. 345–347〕 On April 18, 2014, 16 Sherpas were killed in an avalanche that struck Base Camp. In addition, a number of climbers were caught in the avalanche; some were recovered but others remain unaccounted for. On April 25, 2015, at least 19 people, in a preliminary count, were confirmed killed in an avalanche at Base Camp following a powerful 7.8 earthquake, which killed at least 9,000 people and injured at least 23,000. 〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Quake triggers Everest avalanche, reports say 18 killed )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Mount Everest casualties reach 17 with unknown number still missing after devastating Nepal earthquake )〕 It is the worst single-day death toll ever in the history of Mount Everest, in modern incidents with accurate counts. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「List of people who died climbing Mount Everest」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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